品名

二氧化锡; 氧化锡(IV); 锡酐; Tin dioxide;  Tin(IV)oxide; Stannic anhydride; CAS：18282-10-5

理化性质

白色或淡灰色粉末。分子式SnO2。分子量150.70。相对密度6.95。熔点1127℃。不溶于水、乙醇、冷酸、王水; 缓慢溶于热的浓氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾溶液; 可溶于浓硫酸。在浓盐酸中加热,可缓慢成为氯化物而溶解。与镁一起加热引起爆炸。

接触机会

用作磨玻璃或磨金属粉,磨指甲粉。能使玻璃、搪瓷、陶器等着色成乳白色,也可用作印刷或染色的媒染剂等。在生产与使用中可接触。

国内主要生产厂商:沈阳化工四厂、上海冶炼厂、上海勤工化工厂、上海嘉定县振兴化工厂、云南个旧搪瓷化工厂

侵入途径

可通过消化道与呼吸道侵入,但危害性小。

毒理学简介

大鼠经口LD50: >20 gm/kg。小鼠经口LD50: >20 gm/kg。

参见<二氯化锡>。由于本品化学性质极稳定,也不溶于水,对人体危害性少。

临床表现

未见急性中毒病例报告。

美国HSDB引用文献：

+EXPOSURE TO DUST & FUME OF TIN (OXIDE) IS RECOGNIZED TO RESULT IN STANNOSIS, BENIGN PNEUMOCONIOSIS, OF WHICH MORE THAN 150 CASES HAVE BEEN REPORTED. ... THE FUME IS CONSIDERED A MORE IMPORTANT SOURCE OF STANNOSIS THAN THE DUST;  BUT OTHER AUTHORITIES CONSIDER QUALITY OF DUST & DURATION OF EXPOSURE EQUALLY IMPORTANT. [R16]

+... THE CASE OF A MAN WHO WAS SYMPTOMLESS FOR 18 YR AFTER HIS FINAL DUST EXPOSURE /IS DESCRIBED/ ... AT NECROPSY THERE WAS BLACK PIGMENTATION OF PLEURA, LUNG PARENCHYMA, & LYMPH NODES, WITH SOME BRONCHOPNEUMONIA & EMPHYSEMA. LARGEST AMT OF PIGMENTATION OCCCURRED @ SITES OF LYMPHOID NODULES @ BIFURCATIONS OF BRONCHI & BRONCHIOLES. THERE WAS NO INFLAMMATION, NECROSIS OR ... FIBROSIS OF NODES. ... X-RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS INDICATED THAT STANNIC OXIDE WAS THE ONLY TIN CMPD PRESENT ... . [R17]

+Prolonged exposure to tin(IV) oxide dust and fumes can produce the benign form of pneumoconiosis termed stannosis. The condition develops after at least 3-5 years of exposure and is characterized by small dense shadows in the pulmonary X-ray picture without impairment of pulmonary function. Fibrosis of the lung does not develop, provided that other agents such as silica are not present. [R18]

+LOW TOXICOLOGICAL RISK GENERALLY ASSOC WITH INORGANIC TIN INGESTION IS DUE LARGELY TO THE LOW DEGREE OF ABSORPTION, LOW TISSUE RETENTION, AND RAPID TURNOVER OF THE ELEMENT. /INORGANIC TIN CMPD/ [R19]

处理

对症处理。

卫生标准

车间空气卫生标准:中国MAC 2 mg/m3（按锡计）（1996）。美国MSHA STANDARD: 有害微粒（NUISANCE PARTICULATES）

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